What is a motor? The rotation principle of the motor

Release Time：

2025-04-27

In a broad sense, a "motor" is a type of power device, which is also used in English terms related to automobiles such as racing. Here, "motor" refers to the "electric motor" that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

What is a motor? The rotation principle of the motor
What is a motor?
In a broad sense, a "motor" is a type of power device, which is also used in English terms related to automobiles such as racing. Here, "motor" refers to the "electric motor" that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

So how does an electric motor convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

We have also mentioned the role of motor driver ICs and the relationship between motor driver ICs and motor equipment, and the answer is' utilizing electromagnetic phenomena '. That is to say, a motor uses electrical energy to form an electromagnet and generates mechanical energy through the interaction of magnets (attraction and repulsion).

There is another explanatory approach, perhaps more universal, which can also be said that the motor "utilizes the force of an electrified conductor in a magnetic field". This involves the Fleming left-hand rule. We can use the following simple schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism to understand this principle in detail (note: switching the direction of the current is required to continue rotating). However, its structure is slightly different from the actual motor structure that will be introduced later, so here I will briefly explain the application of electromagnets.

Electromagnets are made by winding wires around magnetic materials such as iron. Of course, just wrapping like this won't cause anything, but when current flows through the wire, the magnetic material will have the characteristics of a magnet and attract other magnets (such as iron). In addition, since the magnetic field can be changed by changing the direction of the current, if another magnet is placed opposite to one magnet, the force applied to that magnet can switch between attraction and repulsion

Key points of this article
In a broad sense, a 'mortor' is a type of power device, where 'motor' refers to an electric motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

It can be said that an electric motor is a device that uses electrical energy to form an electromagnet and generates mechanical energy through the interaction of magnets (attraction and repulsion).

The motor rotates by switching the properties of the electromagnet at the appropriate time.

A single-phase motor with only one electromagnet can cause problems, so using a three-phase motor structure with three electromagnets, for example, can achieve stable rotation.

By adopting a three-phase motor structure composed of three electromagnets, the problem of magnetic switching timing in single-phase motors with only one electromagnet can be solved, and stable rotation can be achieved.