Control elements for reducing motor vibration and noise

Optimize the electromagnetic design scheme

Electromagnetic noise is a common fault in electric motors. When designing, optimize the electromagnetic scheme, choose a reasonable air gap, and the magnetic flux density of the stator and rotor should not be designed too high or too low to avoid affecting the utilization rate of silicon steel sheet materials; Try to use sine windings as much as possible to reduce harmonic components; Choose appropriate slot matching to reduce harmonic distribution coefficient and eliminate tooth harmonics; Use magnetic slot wedges to evenly adjust the air gap magnetic density. In addition, when designing the rotor and stator, the working frequency of the motor and the natural frequencies of the stator and rotor should be comprehensively considered to avoid resonance caused by the same frequency.

Improve rotor balance accuracy

In order to reduce the vibration and noise of the electric motor, attention should be paid to the control of rotor balance. By reducing the magnitude of unbalance, improving the quality of the cast aluminum rotor, controlling the "diamond" shaped rotor, enhancing the design rationality of the rotor structure, strengthening the control of coaxiality and symmetry, and finely machining the winding and fan planes, the flatness and smoothness of the plane can be ensured. Ensure that the weight of each pole winding is consistent, evenly coated, and improve the balance of the rotor. During the process of core stacking, further optimization and improvement of existing processes should be carried out to avoid the occurrence of rotor balance deviation problems.

Improve the quality of component design and manufacturing

To effectively reduce motor vibration and noise, optimize and improve existing design and manufacturing, promote continuous upgrading and improvement of manufacturing processes, conduct regular inspections of mechanical processing quality, improve mechanical processing quality, establish quality control points and innovative testing methods, effectively improve mechanical processing quality and efficiency, and enhance quality standards. At the same time, the roughness of the bearing mating surface, the machining accuracy of the bearing block and bearing chamber are controlled to ensure the coaxiality between the rotor and stator. Selecting appropriate methods for rotor and stator lamination, such as constant pressure, constant length, and weight, effectively controls the quality of iron core lamination, avoids edge damage, reduces the influence of external objective factors, reduces unnecessary losses and failures, and extends the service life of the motor.

Selection of Bearing Selection and Assembly Process

Bearings are the basic guarantee for the normal operation of electric motors. For small and medium-sized asynchronous motors, deep groove ball bearings are generally used. Before installation, the noise quality of the bearings can be judged through the "bearing simulation operation noise screening method". If it meets the bearing noise inspection specifications of our factory, it will be accepted, and if it does not meet the requirements, it should be replaced. At the same time, pay attention to selecting the appropriate bearing gear tolerance, the fit between the bearing outer ring and the bearing chamber, the fit between the inner ring and the shaft, and the radial clearance between the bearing outer ring and the bearing chamber should be within the range of 3-9 μ m.